1
00:05:24,542 --> 00:05:26,792
- He was chapel master,
director of the chamber music

2
00:05:26,792 --> 00:05:28,500
at the court of Anhalt-Koethen.

3
00:05:28,500 --> 00:05:30,333
My father was court
and field trumpeter

4
00:05:30,333 --> 00:05:32,000
at Weissenfels, and my
brother was a trumpet

5
00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:33,792
at Anhalt-Zerbst, where
I had sometimes sung

6
00:05:33,792 --> 00:05:35,625
at discretion with the chapel.

7
00:05:35,625 --> 00:05:37,333
And I was soon
engaged as a singer

8
00:05:37,333 --> 00:05:39,625
to the prince at the
court of Anhalt-Koethen.

9
00:05:39,625 --> 00:05:42,250
His wife had died a year
before, and from their marriage,

10
00:05:42,250 --> 00:05:44,000
three sons and a
daughter were alive,

11
00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:45,792
Catharina Dorothea,
Wilhelm Friedemann,

12
00:05:45,792 --> 00:05:48,292
Carl Philipp Emanuel, and
Johann Gottfried Bernhard.

13
00:06:33,375 --> 00:06:35,125
For Friedemann and
the father had started

14
00:06:35,125 --> 00:06:36,292
a little clavier book in which,

15
00:06:36,292 --> 00:06:37,583
after various practice pieces,

16
00:06:37,583 --> 00:06:39,500
came further pieces
which were soon made

17
00:06:39,500 --> 00:06:41,167
into two particular
works for the profit

18
00:06:41,167 --> 00:06:44,375
of musical youth
desirous of learning.

19
00:06:52,458 --> 00:06:55,583
He soon started a little
clavier book for me as well.

20
00:08:45,333 --> 00:08:47,417
He had a gracious prince who
both loved and knew music,

21
00:08:47,417 --> 00:08:50,333
with whom he also intended
to end his lifetime.

22
00:08:50,333 --> 00:08:52,292
But it had to happen
that the serene highness

23
00:08:52,292 --> 00:08:54,167
should marry a
princess from Bernburg,

24
00:08:54,167 --> 00:08:55,750
and it would now take
on the appearance

25
00:08:55,750 --> 00:08:58,917
as if his musical inclination
was becoming rather cool,

26
00:08:58,917 --> 00:09:01,917
all the more as the new
Princess seemed to be an amusa.

27
00:09:01,917 --> 00:09:04,250
So God disposed that he
should be called to Leipzig

28
00:09:04,250 --> 00:09:06,500
as director of music and
cantor at the Thomas School,

29
00:09:06,500 --> 00:09:08,750
although at first it didn't
seem at all proper to him

30
00:09:08,750 --> 00:09:11,042
for a chapel master
to become a cantor.

31
00:09:11,042 --> 00:09:12,542
Therefore, his
irresolution dragged

32
00:09:12,542 --> 00:09:14,250
on for a quarter of a year.

33
00:10:41,958 --> 00:10:43,542
Ever since his youth,
he had been moved

34
00:10:43,542 --> 00:10:45,250
by a particularly strong desire

35
00:10:45,250 --> 00:10:47,500
to hear as many good
organists as possible,

36
00:10:47,500 --> 00:10:49,667
so that from Lunenburg,
when he was still at school,

37
00:10:49,667 --> 00:10:52,333
he often went on
foot to Hamburg.

38
00:10:55,167 --> 00:10:57,292
And he was, when
barely 18 years old,

39
00:10:57,292 --> 00:11:00,500
called as organist of the
New Church in Arnstadt.

40
00:11:00,500 --> 00:11:02,583
From there, he once
made, and indeed on foot,

41
00:11:02,583 --> 00:11:04,625
a journey to Lubeck to
hear the famous organist

42
00:11:04,625 --> 00:11:07,833
of that place, Mr.
Dietrich Buxtehude.

43
00:11:18,583 --> 00:11:20,583
He was then called as
organist at the church

44
00:11:20,583 --> 00:11:23,583
of St. Blasius in Muhlhausen,
and very soon as organist

45
00:11:23,583 --> 00:11:26,625
to the court of Weimar, where
his gracious Lord's pleasure

46
00:11:26,625 --> 00:11:28,083
at his playing had inflamed him

47
00:11:28,083 --> 00:11:32,292
to try everything possible in
the art of handling the organ.

48
00:12:15,917 --> 00:12:18,208
He knew also thoroughly
the construction of organs

49
00:12:18,208 --> 00:12:20,792
and had once been invited
by the University of Leipzig

50
00:12:20,792 --> 00:12:24,125
to examine the new large organ
of the St. Paul's Church.

51
00:12:24,125 --> 00:12:26,750
But as cantor, he had
no duties as organist.

52
00:12:26,750 --> 00:12:28,917
He was the most senior
teacher at the Thomas School,

53
00:12:28,917 --> 00:12:30,667
after the rector
and the vice-rector.

54
00:12:30,667 --> 00:12:33,417
And since this school provided
the music for four churches

55
00:12:33,417 --> 00:12:35,750
in the town, as well as
for weddings and burials,

56
00:12:35,750 --> 00:12:38,458
he had to apply all possible
care so that the boys

57
00:12:38,458 --> 00:12:40,458
who were capable of singing
and could accomplish

58
00:12:40,458 --> 00:12:43,417
something in music were
well-instructed in this.

59
00:12:43,417 --> 00:12:45,167
To the New Church and
to St. Peter's Church

60
00:12:45,167 --> 00:12:46,667
came the boys who
had nothing to sing

61
00:12:46,667 --> 00:12:48,583
other than motets and chorales,

62
00:12:48,583 --> 00:12:50,125
and to the two
principal churches,

63
00:12:50,125 --> 00:12:51,833
St. Thomas and St.
Nicholas, those who had

64
00:12:51,833 --> 00:12:54,583
to do with other concert music.

65
00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:07,708
He had the supervision
of the organists

66
00:13:07,708 --> 00:13:09,833
and of the town pipers
and the violinists

67
00:13:09,833 --> 00:13:11,792
who had to work
here with the boys,

68
00:13:11,792 --> 00:13:14,250
and he had to provide concert
music for the Divine Service

69
00:13:14,250 --> 00:13:16,292
every Sunday, except
the last three Sundays

70
00:13:16,292 --> 00:13:19,083
of Advent and the
Sundays of Lent.

71
00:13:24,625 --> 00:13:26,083
Christmas, Easter, and Pentecost

72
00:13:26,083 --> 00:13:28,667
were celebrated with concert
music for three days,

73
00:13:28,667 --> 00:13:30,875
and for these great
feasts, the music performed

74
00:13:30,875 --> 00:13:32,750
in the morning
service at one church

75
00:13:32,750 --> 00:13:34,250
was performed again
in the afternoon

76
00:13:34,250 --> 00:13:36,292
during Vespers at
the other church.

77
00:13:36,292 --> 00:13:38,792
The same for New Year, the
Feast of Epiphany, Ascension,

78
00:13:38,792 --> 00:13:41,667
Trinity, St. John's and
Michael, and the Reformation,

79
00:13:41,667 --> 00:13:43,333
as well as for the
three feasts of Mary

80
00:13:43,333 --> 00:13:46,333
and the renewal of
the town council.

81
00:13:52,083 --> 00:13:53,375
There, too, he had to provide

82
00:13:53,375 --> 00:13:55,792
the Passion music for
Vespers on Good Friday.

83
00:13:55,792 --> 00:13:58,042
Also, the Kyrie and
Gloria and the Sanctus

84
00:13:58,042 --> 00:13:59,667
were occasionally concerted,

85
00:13:59,667 --> 00:14:02,833
and the Latin
Magnificat at Christmas.

86
00:17:58,167 --> 00:18:00,167
Of our first three children,
death robbed us soon

87
00:18:00,167 --> 00:18:02,250
of Christiana Sophia
Henrietta, the firstborn,

88
00:18:02,250 --> 00:18:05,542
and Christian Gottlieb,
the second son.

89
00:19:11,125 --> 00:19:12,542
I had a new little clavier book,

90
00:19:12,542 --> 00:19:16,708
which Sebastian had started
for me with two new suites.

91
00:19:20,042 --> 00:19:22,208
And for the Michaelmas
fair of the following year,

92
00:19:22,208 --> 00:19:23,833
he had such a suite
engraved in copper

93
00:19:23,833 --> 00:19:26,458
as the first partita
of a clavier practice.

94
00:19:26,458 --> 00:19:29,042
It was the first composition
that he had printed.

95
00:19:29,042 --> 00:19:32,125
He then published such a
partita every year, up to five,

96
00:19:32,125 --> 00:19:36,083
which he had printed together
with a sixth as Opus I.

97
00:25:16,417 --> 00:25:18,167
He was soon charged
by the students

98
00:25:18,167 --> 00:25:21,542
with music for many extraordinary
university celebrations.

99
00:25:21,542 --> 00:25:23,375
And a further few years
later, he received

100
00:25:23,375 --> 00:25:25,333
the direction of the
Collegium Musicum,

101
00:25:25,333 --> 00:25:28,292
which Mr. Telemann had
founded in Leipzig.

102
00:25:28,292 --> 00:25:30,083
But when the student,
Mr. Von Kirchbach,

103
00:25:30,083 --> 00:25:31,333
charged him with funeral music

104
00:25:31,333 --> 00:25:33,833
for the deceased Queen
Christiane Eberhardine,

105
00:25:33,833 --> 00:25:36,000
the organist of St.
Nicholas, Mr. Goerner,

106
00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:38,000
who had the direction of
the New Divine Service

107
00:25:38,000 --> 00:25:41,167
at the university church,
protested to the university,

108
00:25:41,167 --> 00:25:43,125
and the university
would permit Sebastian

109
00:25:43,125 --> 00:25:46,500
to perform his music
only as a pure favor.

110
00:29:52,792 --> 00:29:55,083
A year later, the
Prince died in Koethen,

111
00:29:55,083 --> 00:29:56,958
and as former court
singer, I helped make

112
00:29:56,958 --> 00:29:58,667
the funeral music
there, composed

113
00:29:58,667 --> 00:30:02,375
and performed by the
former chapel master.

114
00:33:02,667 --> 00:33:04,667
And three weeks later,
he performed in Leipzig

115
00:33:04,667 --> 00:33:06,875
his Passion music after
the evangelist Matthew

116
00:33:06,875 --> 00:33:08,083
during Vespers on Good Friday

117
00:33:08,083 --> 00:33:09,958
at St. Thomas for
the first time.

118
00:42:40,625 --> 00:42:42,500
- He had then written
to a friend of his youth

119
00:42:42,500 --> 00:42:46,208
who had meanwhile become
Imperial Russian Agent at Danzig.

120
00:42:46,208 --> 00:42:49,250
- "Here, by God's
will, I am still settled.

121
00:42:49,250 --> 00:42:51,583
"But since now, one,
I find this service

122
00:42:51,583 --> 00:42:54,625
"by far not so considerable
as it was described to me,

123
00:42:54,625 --> 00:42:57,667
"two, many accidental fees
of this station have gone,

124
00:42:57,667 --> 00:42:59,708
"three, a very expensive place,

125
00:42:59,708 --> 00:43:01,625
"and four, the
authorities strange

126
00:43:01,625 --> 00:43:04,042
"and little devoted to
music, so that I have to live

127
00:43:04,042 --> 00:43:07,625
"amid almost constant vexation,
envy, and persecution,

128
00:43:07,625 --> 00:43:09,833
"and consequently, with
the Almighty's help,

129
00:43:09,833 --> 00:43:12,042
"I shall have to seek
my fortune elsewhere.

130
00:43:12,042 --> 00:43:14,458
"Should Your Honor know of
or find a suitable position

131
00:43:14,458 --> 00:43:17,042
"in that region for an
old and faithful servant,

132
00:43:17,042 --> 00:43:18,875
"then I beseech
you most obediently

133
00:43:18,875 --> 00:43:21,583
"to put in a very gracious
recommendation for me.

134
00:43:21,583 --> 00:43:23,333
"I should not fail
to devote myself

135
00:43:23,333 --> 00:43:25,625
"to the best of my ability
to give satisfaction

136
00:43:25,625 --> 00:43:28,208
"to this most gracious
intervention and intercession.

137
00:43:28,208 --> 00:43:31,125
"My present position amounts
to about 700 thalers,

138
00:43:31,125 --> 00:43:33,792
"and when there are somewhat
more corpses than ordinarily,

139
00:43:33,792 --> 00:43:36,542
"the accidental fees
augment proportionally.

140
00:43:36,542 --> 00:43:39,083
"But when the air is healthy,
then on the other hand,

141
00:43:39,083 --> 00:43:41,333
"these diminish, as last
year, when there was

142
00:43:41,333 --> 00:43:43,000
"a loss of more
than 100 thalers.

143
00:43:43,000 --> 00:43:46,292
"from the ordinary
accidental fees from corpses.

144
00:43:46,292 --> 00:43:48,792
"In Thuringia, I can go
further with 400 thalers

145
00:43:48,792 --> 00:43:51,500
"than in this place with
as many hundreds again,

146
00:43:51,500 --> 00:43:53,917
"on account of the excessively
high cost of living."

147
00:47:45,167 --> 00:47:46,792
- He had many
friends in Dresden

148
00:47:46,792 --> 00:47:48,583
and often went there
with Friedemann.

149
00:47:48,583 --> 00:47:50,375
Friedemann was soon
called there as organist

150
00:47:50,375 --> 00:47:52,458
at the church of St.
Sophia, where his father had

151
00:47:52,458 --> 00:47:56,125
sometime before given
a concert on the organ.

152
00:47:57,667 --> 00:47:59,833
He was also invited
to Kassel to examine

153
00:47:59,833 --> 00:48:01,625
and to inaugurate in
a public gathering

154
00:48:01,625 --> 00:48:03,708
the renovated organ
of the large church,

155
00:48:03,708 --> 00:48:06,042
and took me with
him on this journey.

156
00:48:06,042 --> 00:48:07,833
We had just lost our
one-and-a-half-year-old

157
00:48:07,833 --> 00:48:10,667
Christiane Dorothea, and
soon death robbed us also

158
00:48:10,667 --> 00:48:12,625
of our four-year-old
Regina Johanna,

159
00:48:12,625 --> 00:48:16,458
and little Johann August Abraham,
two days after his birth.

160
00:48:51,833 --> 00:48:53,583
That year, the Prince
had died at Dresden,

161
00:48:53,583 --> 00:48:54,917
and Sebastian, with
the deepest devotion,

162
00:48:54,917 --> 00:48:56,875
dedicated to the new
Elector a grand Mass,

163
00:48:56,875 --> 00:48:58,958
consisting of Kyrie and Gloria.

164
00:48:58,958 --> 00:49:00,458
- "For some
years and till now,

165
00:49:00,458 --> 00:49:02,125
"I have had the
direction of the music

166
00:49:02,125 --> 00:49:04,417
"of both principal
churches in Leipzig,

167
00:49:04,417 --> 00:49:06,208
"but have with all faultlessly

168
00:49:06,208 --> 00:49:08,417
"had to suffer one
offense or other,

169
00:49:08,417 --> 00:49:10,167
"and also, from time
to time, a diminishing

170
00:49:10,167 --> 00:49:12,708
"of the fees pertaining
to this function,

171
00:49:12,708 --> 00:49:14,667
"all of which would
however quite disappear

172
00:49:14,667 --> 00:49:16,375
"if Your Royal Highness
would render me

173
00:49:16,375 --> 00:49:17,833
"the grace of conferring on me

174
00:49:17,833 --> 00:49:19,708
"the title of Your
Highness' Court Chapel,

175
00:49:19,708 --> 00:49:21,792
"and to this end, would
send to the proper place

176
00:49:21,792 --> 00:49:24,750
"a royal order for the
publication of a decree.

177
00:49:24,750 --> 00:49:27,708
"Such an extreme gracious granting
of my most humble prayer

178
00:49:27,708 --> 00:49:29,792
"would pledge me to
infinite devotion,

179
00:49:29,792 --> 00:49:32,167
"and I offer myself, in a
most indebted obedience,

180
00:49:32,167 --> 00:49:34,542
"to show my untiring
diligence in composing

181
00:49:34,542 --> 00:49:36,583
"church music as well
as for orchestra,

182
00:49:36,583 --> 00:49:39,750
"at all times at Your Royal
Highness' most gracious desire

183
00:49:39,750 --> 00:49:43,708
"and to dedicate my entire
strength to your service."

184
00:49:49,625 --> 00:49:50,792
- And in the
following months,

185
00:49:50,792 --> 00:49:53,125
he gave several Dramata
per musica and cantatas

186
00:49:53,125 --> 00:49:55,875
in honor of the princely house.

187
00:50:34,000 --> 00:50:35,917
And when the Prince with
his wife then blessed

188
00:50:35,917 --> 00:50:38,167
the town of Leipzig with
their most august presence,

189
00:50:38,167 --> 00:50:40,750
the students wanted, on the
day on which His Majesty

190
00:50:40,750 --> 00:50:42,792
had, one year before,
been chosen King of Poland

191
00:50:42,792 --> 00:50:44,750
and Grand Duke of
Lithuania, to show

192
00:50:44,750 --> 00:50:47,167
their most humble devotion
through an evening of music.

193
00:54:18,667 --> 00:54:20,167
At Christmas the
same year, he gave

194
00:54:20,167 --> 00:54:23,000
a grand oratorio in six parts,

195
00:54:23,000 --> 00:54:25,375
and a further oratorio for
the following Ascension.

196
00:59:43,708 --> 00:59:46,542
- Then the rector let
it be known to all pupils that,

197
00:59:46,542 --> 00:59:49,250
under punishment of
dismissal and castigation,

198
00:59:49,250 --> 00:59:51,417
no one was to permit
himself either to sing

199
00:59:51,417 --> 00:59:54,375
or to direct the habitual
motet in Krause's place.

200
00:59:54,375 --> 00:59:56,333
So that in the afternoon sermon,

201
00:59:56,333 --> 00:59:58,667
to Sebastian's greatest
despect and prostitution,

202
00:59:58,667 --> 01:00:00,708
not one pupil, for
fear of the punishment,

203
01:00:00,708 --> 01:00:02,375
would take it upon
himself to sing,

204
01:00:02,375 --> 01:00:04,333
even less to direct the motet.

205
01:00:04,333 --> 01:00:06,958
That week, Sebastian had the
supervision of the school.

206
01:01:07,167 --> 01:01:08,542
- He looked
to the council

207
01:01:08,542 --> 01:01:10,625
for very soon and
prompt help in vain.

208
01:01:10,625 --> 01:01:13,333
He could not get rid of Krause.

209
01:01:13,333 --> 01:01:15,500
But that year, the
King bestowed upon him,

210
01:01:15,500 --> 01:01:20,000
through Count Keyserlingk,
the title of Court Composer.

211
01:01:20,000 --> 01:01:21,875
Three days later, he
gave a grand concert

212
01:01:21,875 --> 01:01:25,417
on the new organ of the
Church of Our Lady in Dresden,

213
01:01:25,417 --> 01:01:27,750
in the presence of the
count and other excellencies

214
01:01:27,750 --> 01:01:29,750
and many members of the
court chapel, artists,

215
01:01:29,750 --> 01:01:32,792
and other persons, who heard
him with particular admiration.

216
01:01:34,792 --> 01:01:37,083
And he was then able,
after Krause's stay

217
01:01:37,083 --> 01:01:38,792
at the school had
come to an end,

218
01:01:38,792 --> 01:01:41,458
since he had also written
in vain to the Consistory,

219
01:01:41,458 --> 01:01:43,458
to beseech the King with
the most deep humility

220
01:01:43,458 --> 01:01:45,125
to order the Council to support

221
01:01:45,125 --> 01:01:46,417
and protect the
cantor in his right

222
01:01:46,417 --> 01:01:49,583
to nominate the choir
prefects without interference,

223
01:01:49,583 --> 01:01:51,875
and to order the Consistory
to demand an apology

224
01:01:51,875 --> 01:01:54,750
from the rector for the
affront made to the cantor,

225
01:01:54,750 --> 01:01:56,917
and then also, by
particular measure,

226
01:01:56,917 --> 01:01:59,750
to charge the superintendent
to exhort the entire school,

227
01:01:59,750 --> 01:02:01,750
so that all the schoolboys
should show the cantor

228
01:02:01,750 --> 01:02:04,167
the appropriate
respect and obedience.

229
01:02:04,167 --> 01:02:06,625
And the King called upon
the Consistory in writing

230
01:02:06,625 --> 01:02:09,667
to act duly on the cantor's
grievances, and the Consistory

231
01:02:09,667 --> 01:02:11,625
asked for a report
from the superintendent

232
01:02:11,625 --> 01:02:15,042
and from the Council
within a fortnight.

233
01:08:00,083 --> 01:08:01,917
- All his pupils
were afterwards able

234
01:08:01,917 --> 01:08:04,167
to render service usefully
to God and the republic.

235
01:08:04,167 --> 01:08:05,667
And he sought to
effect everything

236
01:08:05,667 --> 01:08:08,708
to help promote the
welfare of his children.

237
01:08:08,708 --> 01:08:10,500
Friedemann was called
from Dresden to Halle

238
01:08:10,500 --> 01:08:13,750
as music director and organist
at the Church of Our Lady,

239
01:08:13,750 --> 01:08:17,750
a post which his father
had once attained.

240
01:08:17,750 --> 01:08:19,750
Emanuel lived for
some time as a student

241
01:08:19,750 --> 01:08:20,917
in Frankfurt-on-the-Oder at the

242
01:08:20,917 --> 01:08:22,875
same time he
informed the clavier.

243
01:08:22,875 --> 01:08:24,542
And he soon became
chaplain, musician,

244
01:08:24,542 --> 01:08:27,833
and accompanist to
the King of Prussia.

245
01:08:27,833 --> 01:08:29,958
And Bernhard, when
barely 20 years old,

246
01:08:29,958 --> 01:08:34,167
was called as organist at St.
Mary's Church in Muhlhausen.

247
01:08:36,125 --> 01:08:38,875
But after Bernhard had been
not two years in Muhlhausen,

248
01:08:38,875 --> 01:08:41,750
his father had to pay not
only for his table there,

249
01:08:41,750 --> 01:08:43,792
but also a bill of
exchange, which had

250
01:08:43,792 --> 01:08:45,875
presumably caused
his removal then,

251
01:08:45,875 --> 01:08:47,583
and also to leave a few ducats

252
01:08:47,583 --> 01:08:49,917
for the settlement
of some debts.

253
01:08:49,917 --> 01:08:51,083
And after he had then helped him

254
01:08:51,083 --> 01:08:52,875
to be promoted to Sangerhausen,

255
01:08:52,875 --> 01:08:55,167
in the hope that the more
civilized manner of life

256
01:08:55,167 --> 01:08:57,208
in Sangerhausen and
the genteel patrons

257
01:08:57,208 --> 01:09:00,042
would equally stir the
misled son to other behavior,

258
01:09:00,042 --> 01:09:02,833
the father had to learn yet
again, with the utmost dismay,

259
01:09:02,833 --> 01:09:05,625
that Bernhard had once more
borrowed from here and there,

260
01:09:05,625 --> 01:09:08,208
that he had not changed his
way of life in the slightest

261
01:09:08,208 --> 01:09:10,417
but had even absented
himself without letting him

262
01:09:10,417 --> 01:09:13,917
know the slightest part
of his whereabouts.

263
01:09:15,083 --> 01:09:17,167
Since no admonition nor
even any loving care

264
01:09:17,167 --> 01:09:19,083
and assistance would
suffice anymore,

265
01:09:19,083 --> 01:09:21,625
the father had to bear
his cross in patience,

266
01:09:21,625 --> 01:09:24,750
merely leaving the undutiful
son to the mercy of God,

267
01:09:24,750 --> 01:09:26,667
not doubting it would
hear his sorrowful plea

268
01:09:26,667 --> 01:09:29,042
and finally, according
to the Divine Will,

269
01:09:29,042 --> 01:09:30,667
effect that he should
learn to acknowledge

270
01:09:30,667 --> 01:09:32,208
how conversion is
to be attributed

271
01:09:32,208 --> 01:09:35,500
solely and uniquely
to the Divine Good.

272
01:09:37,917 --> 01:09:39,792
But Bernhard died
suddenly in Jena,

273
01:09:39,792 --> 01:09:42,000
where he was matriculated
as a student of law

274
01:09:42,000 --> 01:09:43,958
and lived with Mr.
Johann Nikolaus Bach,

275
01:09:43,958 --> 01:09:45,625
eldest of all the
Bachs still living,

276
01:09:45,625 --> 01:09:47,875
organist of the university
as well as the town church.

277
01:09:49,042 --> 01:09:50,042
That year, Sebastian published

278
01:09:50,042 --> 01:09:51,458
the third part of
the clavier practice,

279
01:09:51,458 --> 01:09:52,833
consisting in diverse preludes

280
01:09:52,833 --> 01:09:57,000
on the catechism and
other hymns for the organ.

281
01:09:58,333 --> 01:10:00,208
The second part,
consisting in a concerto

282
01:10:00,208 --> 01:10:02,750
after the Italian taste and
an overture after the French

283
01:10:02,750 --> 01:10:04,875
meant for a clavicymbal
with two manuals,

284
01:10:04,875 --> 01:10:07,833
he had had printed
four years earlier.

285
01:13:30,958 --> 01:13:33,375
Our dear and good cousin
Mr. Johann Elias Bach,

286
01:13:33,375 --> 01:13:35,125
well established
cantor at Schweinfurt,

287
01:13:35,125 --> 01:13:37,750
lived with us
during those years.

288
01:13:37,750 --> 01:13:40,083
He was matriculated at
the University of Leipzig

289
01:13:40,083 --> 01:13:42,375
as a student of theology
and, at the same time,

290
01:13:42,375 --> 01:13:45,208
received furtherance in
music from Sebastian.

291
01:13:45,208 --> 01:13:46,833
And Sebastian had entrusted him

292
01:13:46,833 --> 01:13:49,083
with the instruction of my
three sons, Gottfried Heinrich,

293
01:13:49,083 --> 01:13:52,042
Johann Christoph Friedrich
and Johann Christian.

294
01:13:52,042 --> 01:13:53,750
And our cousin
also had to prepare

295
01:13:53,750 --> 01:13:56,042
them for the Lord's table.

296
01:13:56,042 --> 01:13:57,667
For me, he had
written several times

297
01:13:57,667 --> 01:13:59,208
to his dear mother and
sister that she should

298
01:13:59,208 --> 01:14:01,542
send me a few plants
of yellow carnations

299
01:14:01,542 --> 01:14:04,167
because I was a great
amateur of gardening.

300
01:14:04,167 --> 01:14:06,083
And since Sebastian
once reported to me

301
01:14:06,083 --> 01:14:09,042
that he had seen a linnet at
a cantor's house in Halle,

302
01:14:09,042 --> 01:14:11,208
which, through the skilled
instruction of its teacher,

303
01:14:11,208 --> 01:14:12,958
did particularly
well in singing,

304
01:14:12,958 --> 01:14:15,292
our cousin had written to
Halle to beg this cantor

305
01:14:15,292 --> 01:14:19,083
to let me have his singer
for a cheap payment.

306
01:14:22,000 --> 01:14:24,167
And once, since I
suddenly felt very unwell

307
01:14:24,167 --> 01:14:27,000
while Sebastian was in
Berlin visiting Emanuel,

308
01:14:27,000 --> 01:14:29,292
and it was not known whether
the violent agitation

309
01:14:29,292 --> 01:14:31,500
of the blood would give
rise to an insidious fever

310
01:14:31,500 --> 01:14:33,375
or some other evil consequence,

311
01:14:33,375 --> 01:14:36,000
our cousin had to write
to Sebastian several times

312
01:14:36,000 --> 01:14:38,167
and disturb him in his
peace and contentment

313
01:14:38,167 --> 01:14:40,708
so that he might
quicken his journey.

314
01:17:17,542 --> 01:17:19,333
A short time after
his return, he had,

315
01:17:19,333 --> 01:17:21,417
as a new clavier
practice, an aria

316
01:17:21,417 --> 01:17:23,375
with 30 variations
for clavicymbal

317
01:17:23,375 --> 01:17:25,542
with two manuals composed
by him on a saraband

318
01:17:25,542 --> 01:17:28,417
from my little clavier
book, engraved in copper.

319
01:17:29,500 --> 01:17:31,292
Count Keyserlingk,
who was Ambassador

320
01:17:31,292 --> 01:17:34,167
to His Imperial Russian Majesty
at the court of Dresden,

321
01:17:34,167 --> 01:17:35,708
had expressed to
Sebastian that he would

322
01:17:35,708 --> 01:17:37,417
like to have a
few clavier pieces

323
01:17:37,417 --> 01:17:39,417
for his harpsichordist,
who had to play something

324
01:17:39,417 --> 01:17:42,042
for him during his
sleepless nights.

325
01:17:42,042 --> 01:17:44,833
And since Sebastian had composed
these variations for this,

326
01:17:44,833 --> 01:17:47,458
the count had made him a
present of a golden goblet,

327
01:17:47,458 --> 01:17:50,917
which was filled with
a hundred Louis d'or.

328
01:22:47,333 --> 01:22:48,750
- In the last
years, he performed

329
01:22:48,750 --> 01:22:52,167
some of his earlier
church pieces again.

330
01:26:47,333 --> 01:26:49,375
Emanuel now already
had a male heir,

331
01:26:49,375 --> 01:26:51,333
who was born at about
the time when we,

332
01:26:51,333 --> 01:26:53,417
alas, had the Prussian invasion.

333
01:26:53,417 --> 01:26:55,667
Thereupon, Sebastian once
again made the journey

334
01:26:55,667 --> 01:26:58,417
to Berlin, accompanied
by Friedemann,

335
01:26:58,417 --> 01:27:00,333
and since His Majesty,
the King of Prussia,

336
01:27:00,333 --> 01:27:01,958
had asked several
times why he didn't

337
01:27:01,958 --> 01:27:04,125
come one day, he
went to Potsdam.

338
01:27:04,125 --> 01:27:06,042
His Majesty himself
played him a theme

339
01:27:06,042 --> 01:27:08,292
for a fugue, which he at
once, to His Majesty's

340
01:27:08,292 --> 01:27:11,000
particular pleasure,
developed on the clavier.

341
01:27:11,000 --> 01:27:13,000
On the following day,
before many listeners,

342
01:27:13,000 --> 01:27:15,042
he performed to the general
applause on the organ

343
01:27:15,042 --> 01:27:16,958
of the Church of
the Holy Spirit.

344
01:27:16,958 --> 01:27:19,000
And in the evening, His
Majesty wanted to hear

345
01:27:19,000 --> 01:27:20,833
a fugue with six
obligatory voices,

346
01:27:20,833 --> 01:27:22,917
which he also
accomplished at once,

347
01:27:22,917 --> 01:27:25,625
to the amazement of the King
and all musicians present.

348
01:27:33,042 --> 01:27:35,917
Emanuel also showed him the
new opera house in Berlin

349
01:27:35,917 --> 01:27:37,833
and the large dining hall in it.

350
01:27:37,833 --> 01:27:39,667
And he found that the
architect had done here

351
01:27:39,667 --> 01:27:42,583
a masterstroke, namely if
someone above in one corner

352
01:27:42,583 --> 01:27:45,375
whispered a few words very
quietly towards the wall,

353
01:27:45,375 --> 01:27:47,333
another standing
diagonally opposite

354
01:27:47,333 --> 01:27:49,500
in the other corner
heard it quite clearly.

355
01:27:49,500 --> 01:27:52,042
And otherwise in the middle
or in the remaining places,

356
01:27:52,042 --> 01:27:56,000
not one of the other persons
heard the slightest sound.

357
01:30:17,792 --> 01:30:19,250
He had soon noticed
in Potsdam that,

358
01:30:19,250 --> 01:30:21,000
through want of
necessary preparation,

359
01:30:21,000 --> 01:30:22,375
his performance
would not succeed

360
01:30:22,375 --> 01:30:25,250
at the theme given to him
by His Majesty demanded.

361
01:30:25,250 --> 01:30:27,208
And he had therefore
taken the decision

362
01:30:27,208 --> 01:30:28,542
and at once made
bold to elaborate

363
01:30:28,542 --> 01:30:30,792
this truly royal
theme more completely

364
01:30:30,792 --> 01:30:33,167
and then to make it
known to the world.

365
01:30:33,167 --> 01:30:35,083
And after his return,
he committed to paper

366
01:30:35,083 --> 01:30:37,167
a three-part ricercare
and a six-part

367
01:30:37,167 --> 01:30:39,750
and a trio for flute,
violin and clavier together,

368
01:30:39,750 --> 01:30:42,917
with a few other little pieces
of art on the royal theme,

369
01:30:42,917 --> 01:30:44,708
had these pieces
engraved in copper

370
01:30:44,708 --> 01:30:48,917
and dedicated them to the
King as a musical offering.

371
01:30:53,125 --> 01:30:55,833
He had now entered the
Society of Musical Sciences

372
01:30:55,833 --> 01:30:58,083
founded in Leipzig
by his pupil, Mizler,

373
01:30:58,083 --> 01:31:00,708
and also had engraved in
copper a few canonic variations

374
01:31:00,708 --> 01:31:02,042
for the organ which
he had furnished

375
01:31:02,042 --> 01:31:04,708
on his entry into this society.

376
01:31:06,042 --> 01:31:07,083
- Papa?

377
01:31:12,167 --> 01:31:13,750
Papa, Papa!

378
01:31:24,000 --> 01:31:25,333
- The distance
between our two towns

379
01:31:25,333 --> 01:31:28,208
did not allow us to pay
each other a personal visit,

380
01:31:28,208 --> 01:31:30,208
else Sebastian wanted
to take the liberty

381
01:31:30,208 --> 01:31:32,875
of officially inviting our
cousin from Schweinfurt

382
01:31:32,875 --> 01:31:34,417
to the wedding of
our daughter Liessgen

383
01:31:34,417 --> 01:31:37,167
to the new organist of
Naumburg, Mr. Altnikol,

384
01:31:37,167 --> 01:31:39,375
which was to take
place in January.

385
01:31:39,375 --> 01:31:42,042
But since the inconvenient
time of the year also would not

386
01:31:42,042 --> 01:31:45,000
allow our cousin to be
seen personally among us,

387
01:31:45,000 --> 01:31:46,875
Sebastian still
asked him to assist

388
01:31:46,875 --> 01:31:49,708
the children in his absence
with a Christian wish.

389
01:31:49,708 --> 01:31:52,500
Our three youngest, Regina
Susanna, Johanna Carolina,

390
01:31:52,500 --> 01:31:55,042
and Johann Christian were
still staying at home together

391
01:31:55,042 --> 01:31:58,250
with Sebastian's daughter,
Catharina Dorothea, unmarried,

392
01:31:58,250 --> 01:32:00,833
and our eldest son, Gottfried
Heinrich, whose genius

393
01:32:00,833 --> 01:32:04,750
also inclined towards music
but was not developed.

394
01:32:04,750 --> 01:32:06,750
Our 18-year-old, Johann
Christoph Friedrich,

395
01:32:06,750 --> 01:32:08,542
entered the Count of
Schaumburg-Lippe's chapel

396
01:32:08,542 --> 01:32:11,292
at Buckeburg a few weeks
before Sebastian's death.

397
01:32:11,292 --> 01:32:13,792
To the Mass, of which he had
dedicated to King August,

398
01:32:13,792 --> 01:32:16,292
Sebastian had now
composed a grand credo.

399
01:32:16,292 --> 01:32:18,458
He added an earlier Sanctus.

400
01:32:20,000 --> 01:32:21,958
And also wrote a
Hosanna, Benedictus,

401
01:32:21,958 --> 01:32:25,458
Agnus Dei, and Dona
nobis pacem to it.

402
01:32:25,458 --> 01:32:27,125
He had also started
a new collection

403
01:32:27,125 --> 01:32:29,042
of grand chorales for the organ,

404
01:32:29,042 --> 01:32:31,625
and had been working for some
time on an Art of the Fugue,

405
01:32:31,625 --> 01:32:32,708
through which is shown what can

406
01:32:32,708 --> 01:32:35,083
possibly be made out of a theme.

407
01:32:35,083 --> 01:32:38,000
But he could only prepare
one part for engraving,

408
01:32:38,000 --> 01:32:40,167
and, at the end, a grand
fugue was interrupted

409
01:32:40,167 --> 01:32:41,667
through the illness of his eyes.

410
01:32:52,333 --> 01:32:55,208
He wanted to remove this eye
illness through an operation,

411
01:32:55,208 --> 01:32:57,667
but it had to be
repeated, and failed,

412
01:32:57,667 --> 01:32:59,125
so that for four
months thereafter,

413
01:32:59,125 --> 01:33:02,750
he was almost always ill
and could not use his sight.

414
01:33:04,292 --> 01:33:06,208
In his blindness, he dictated
a chorale for the organ

415
01:33:06,208 --> 01:33:08,542
on the melody, When We
Are in Greatest Need,

416
01:33:08,542 --> 01:33:11,000
and then had it written down
with a few more corrections

417
01:33:11,000 --> 01:33:12,833
under the title, Before
Thy Throne I Tread,

418
01:33:12,833 --> 01:33:15,042
which is sung to
the same melody.

419
01:33:15,042 --> 01:33:16,583
And suddenly his eyes
seemed to get better,

420
01:33:16,583 --> 01:33:17,792
so that one day, in the morning,

421
01:33:17,792 --> 01:33:19,000
he could see quite well again,

422
01:33:19,000 --> 01:33:21,125
and could also support
the light again.

423
01:33:21,125 --> 01:33:23,125
Only a few hours
later, he was overtaken

424
01:33:23,125 --> 01:33:25,292
by a high fever, in which,
despite all possible care

425
01:33:25,292 --> 01:33:27,625
of two of the most skilled
doctors in Leipzig,

426
01:33:27,625 --> 01:33:30,083
he died one evening
softly and blessedly.